Learning From Failures in Orthopedic Trauma

Key Points for Success

Editors: Miquel Videla Cés, J Miquel Sales Pérez, Joan Girós Torres, Roberto Rivero Sosa

1.1	The evolution of internal fixation over the last 20 years

2.1	General considerations on violation of AO principles
2.2	Osteosynthesis in unreduced fractures
2.3	Principles of stability, selection of implants, and the combination of absolute and relative stability
2.4	Biology management (including soft-tissue management)

3.1	Implant selection issues
3.2	Type of implant related to biomechanical principles
3.3	Implant size, prebending, molding, and shape adapted to the fractured bone
3.4	Anatomical implants: ready-to-wear versus custom fit
3.5	Designs and techniques of intramedullary naling
3.6	Failures due to guided targeting and implant assembly

4.1	Determining factors for failures relating to the surgical team
4.2	Insufficient preparatory planning, including alternatives
4.3	Lack of anatomical knowledge
4.4	Insufficient asepsis protocols
4.5	Proficiency and experience
4.6	Accumulation of failures

5.1	General considerations in postoperative management of internal fixation
5.2	Physiotherapy
5.3	Implant removal

6.1	Failures unrelated to the healthcare team but related to patient compliance

7.1	Early recognition of failures

8.1	The learning circle: tips and tricks to minimize failures

9.1	Difficult to classify