AO Foundation logo
AO Foundation blue logo
  • Who we are
    • About the AO
      • AO Access—driving the AO's diversity, inclusion, and mentorship programs
        • AO Access mentoring
        • Breaking Biases Pathway
        • AO Access to success
        • Voices for change: Celebrating diversity within the AO
        • AO Access webinars
        • AO Access featured in FacultyFocus
        • Organizational structure
        • AO Access Liasons
        • Partnerships
        • News
      • The AO Foundation and Johnson & Johnson MedTech Partnership
      • AO Annual Report
      • AO archive and history
        • AO history conversations
        • News
      • AO Center tour
      • Corporate social responsibility
      • Disaster response
        • Management of Limb Injuries
        • Early Rehabilitation In Conflicts and Disasters
        • Recorded webinars
      • Ethics and Compliance Committee
      • Organizational structure and governance
        • AO Executive Committee
        • AO Foundation Board
        • AO Presidents
        • Assembly of Trustees
      • News
    • Contact
  • What we do
    • AO Research Institute Davos (ARI)
      • AO Research Institute Davos’ purpose
        • AO Research Institute Davos advisory committee
        • AO Research Institute Davos publications and activity reports
        • Awards, honors and societies
        • Contact and staff
        • Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA)
        • ARI Orthopaedics Conferences and ARI Abstracts
        • Quality management
        • Videos
        • AO Research Institute Davos News
      • CRO services and resources
        • Biomechanical testing and modelling
        • Histology, tissue morphology and microscopy
        • Infection studies
        • Medical imaging
        • Preclinical surgery
        • Tissue engineering and cell biology
      • How to get involved
        • AO Research Institute Davos internships and guest research visits
        • AO Research Institute Davos medical research fellowships
        • AO Research Institute Davos veterinary internships
        • AO Research Institute Davos veterinary research fellowships
        • Collaborations
        • Courses for students
        • Eligible funders
      • Research programs
        • Biomedical Development
        • Preclinical Services
        • Regenerative Orthopaedics
        • Projects
      • Research grants
      • Solutions
      • ARI Orthopaedics
    • AO Innovation Translation Center (AO ITC)
      • AO Innovation Funding
        • AO Innovation Funding portfolio
        • AO Innovation Funding governance
      • AO Technical Commission
        • AO Approved Solutions
        • AO Technical Commission Meet the Experts
        • AO Technical Commission Experts Symposia
        • AO Technical Commission Innovation Awards
        • AO Technical Commission history
      • Clinical Evidence
        • Clinical Operations
        • Medical Scientific Affairs
      • Knowledge Forums
      • Latest innovations
      • AO Innovation Translation Center team
      • AO ITC videos
      • AO ITC news
    • AO Education Institute
      • Topic Areas: The AO Education Institute
        • AO Video and Visual Media
        • Apps and online platforms
        • Curriculum Development
        • E-learning
        • Faculty Development
        • Medical education research and engagement
        • Publishing and Faculty Support Media
        • Continuing medical education (CME) accreditation and compliance
      • Services and resources
        • AO Glossary of Educational Terms
      • About the AO Education Institute
        • AO Education Institute Advisory Committee
        • The AO Education Institute team
  • Our community
  • Our services and resources
    • AO Approved Solutions
    • AO Milestones
    • myAO—your secure digital gateway to case discussion, knowledge sharing, expertise and education
    • AO In-Hospital
      • AO In-Hospital Trauma
      • AO In-Hospital Spine
      • AO In-Hospital for ORP
    • AO PEER
      • AO PEER platform
        • Fundamentals of research
        • Critical reading
        • Grant writing/study protocol
        • Study management
        • Data management
        • Statistics
        • Publishing
      • Who is behind AO PEER?
    • AO College
    • The AO Surgery Reference
      • AO Surgery Reference news
    • Clinical Study Hub
    • AO Companion
  • Our courses and events
    • AO Davos Courses
    • Course finder
  • Careers
    • Jobs at the AO
    • How to apply
    • Lehrstellen bei der AO Foundation
      • Kauffrau/-mann EFZ, E- oder M-Profil
      • Laborant:in EFZ, Fachrichtung Biologie
      • Informatiker:in EFZ, Fachrichtung Plattformentwicklung
      • Polymechaniker:in EFZ, E- oder G-Profil
      • Tierpfleger:in EFZ
  1. AO
  2. What we do
  3. Education
  4. Topic Areas
  5. Publishing and Faculty Support Media
  6. AO Principles of Fracture Management
  7. scapula

Scapula

  • AO Surgery Reference
    Scapula module

  • References
    1. McGinnis M.(J Trauma. 1989; 29(11):1488–1493).
    2. Thompson DA et al.(J Trauma. 1985; 25(10):974–977).
    3. Goss TP. (J Orthop Trauma. 1993; 7(2):99–106).
    4. Orthopaedic Trauma Association, Committee for Coding and Classification. (J Orthop Trauma. 1996; 10 Suppl 1:1–154).
    5. Ada JR et al. (Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991; (269):174–180).
    6. Ideberg R.(Surgery of the Shoulder. BC Decker; 1984:63–66).
    7. Rikli D et al. (J Orthop Trauma. 1995; 9(2):93–97).
    8. Edwards SG et al. (J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000; 82(6):774–780).
    9. Egol KA et al. (J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001; 83-A(8):1188–1194).
    10. van Noort A et al. (J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001; 83(6):795–798).
    11. Dienstknecht T et al. (Scand J Surg. 2013; 102(2):69–76).
    12. Bartonicek J et al. (Int Orthop. 2011; 35(5):747–753).
    13. Anavian J et al. (J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012; 94(7):645–653).
    14. Cole PA et al. (J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012;20(3):130–141).

AO Principles of Fracture Management is an essential resource for orthopedic trauma surgeons and residents in these specialties. The third edition of the book has been fully updated and extended to describe the latest techniques and covers the complete content of the AO Principles Course of today.
Order the book here.

Sections
  • About the AO
  • Who we are
  • What we do
  • Our community
  • Our services and resources
  • Our courses and events
Quick links
  • AO Surgery Reference
  • AO webshop
  • Course finder
  • AO Videos
  • Membership
  • AO brand portal
The AO
  • Contact
  • Careers
  • Data privacy notice
  • Cookie policy
  • Disclaimer
  • Terms and conditions of purchase
Membership
Become a member

Connect
  • Facebook
  • Instagram
  • LinkedIn
  • Twitter
  • Vimeo
AO TRAUMA
AO SPINE
AO CMF
AO VET
AO RECON
AO Sports
Copyright © 2025 - AO Foundation,
Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
+41 81 414 21 11