AO Education Institute (AO EI) research in medical education publications and reports

AO EI reports

AO EI peer-reviewed publications

2026

Facing Fear in the Operating Room: A Qualitative Investigation Into the Causes of and Management Strategies for Surgeon Fear in the Operating Room 
Annals of Surgery Open
Johanna N. Riesel, Melanie Hammond, Carol-Anne Moulton
Evaluating the Impact of Virtual Reality on Orthopedic Trauma Skills Acquisition Among Surgical Residents: Randomized Crossover Study 
JMIR Perioperative Medicine
Sandipan Chatterjee, Khairul Faizi Mohammad, Monica Ghidinelli
Assessment of surgical skills on a novel expert-informed immersive virtual reality simulator for distal radius fracture fixation: a cross-sectional validation study 
BMC Medical Education
Mads Emil Jacobsen, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson
Defining technical competence in olecranon fracture fixation: an international Delphi consensus on tension band wiring assessment 
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Emmy Nordlund, Daniel Wenger, Mads Emil Jacobsen, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson
Assessment of technical competence in anterolateral buttress plate fixation of tibial plateau fractures: a global Delphi consensus study 
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology
Maj Ósk Bruun Stangegård, Mads Emil Jacobsen, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson

2025

Exploring how surgeons employ empathy in clinical practice: a qualitative study 
BMC Medical Education
Christine Cuthbertson, Jenepher Martin, Debra Nestel
Evaluating the educational value of very short videos in surgical training: insights from orthopedic and trauma surgeons 
Innovative Surgical Sciences
Tobias Fritz, Franziska Duetting, Hazal Fiskeci Vardar, Sara Firner, Mark C. Reilly, Tim Pohlemann, Monica Ghidinelli
The Anatomy of Change: A Scoping Review of Surgical Curriculum Renewal Processes 
Perspectives on Medical Education
Marc A. Seifman, Robyn Woodward-Kron, Roi Y. Kagan, Kirsten Dalrymple, Aimee K. Gardner, Ian Incoll, Lars Konge, John T. Paige, Debra Nestel
Assessment of competence in antegrade intramedullary nail osteosynthesis of femoral shaft fractures: A global Delphi consensus study 
Journal of Orthopaedics
Mikkel Engell Sandager Nielsen, Mads Emil Jacobsen, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson
Achieving competency through adaptive learning: An AO North America case study 
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
Chitra Subramaniam, Chad P. Coles, Brett D. Crist, Samia Hossfeld, and Candace McCoy
Exploring the Integration of Patient Perspectives in Surgeon Education: Awareness, Engagement and Barriers to Implementation 
Journal of CME
Hazal Fiskeci Vardar, Manoj Khatri, Claire Thornber, Kokeb Andenmatten, Jane Thorley Wiedler, Monica Ghidinelli
Development of an Assessment Tool for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Midshaft Ulnar Fractures: A Global Delphi Consensus Study 
Injury
Jacob Faurholdt, Mads Emil Jacobsen, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson
How can a global organization make education local? Workplace education for surgeons treating orthopedic trauma cases 
Medical Research Archives
Ana Maria Moreno, Alexandra Wentscher, Kodi E. Kojima, Wael S. Taha, Michael R. Baumgaertner, Jecca Reichmuth, Monica Ghidinelli
Defining Metrics for Assessing Surgeon Performance During a Telementoring Program for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery 
Global Spine Journal
Alaaeldin Ahmad, Engin Çetin, Steven Theiss, Selcen Yüksel, Michael Cunningham, Monica Ghidinelli, Emre Acaroğlu
Barriers and facilitators to the cultivation of communities of practice for faculty development in medical education: A scoping review 
Medical Teacher
Simon Kitto, Arone Wondwossen Fantaye, Monica Ghidinelli, Kokeb Andenmatten, Jane Thorley Wiedler, Kate de Boer
Guidelines for Designing and Conducting Delphi Consensus Studies: An Expert Consensus Delphi Study 
Arthroscopy
Erik Hohmann, Philippe Beaufils, Daniel Beiderbeck, Jorge Chahla, Andrew Geeslin, Samer Hasan, Susan Humphrey-Murto, Eoghan Hurley, Rob LaPrade, Frank Martetschläger, Bogdan Matache, Gilbert Moatshe, Juan Carlos Monllau, Iain Murray, Marlen Niederberger, Urs Rüetschi, Zhida Shang, Stephen Weber, Ivan Wong, Nicholas P.J. Perry
AO In-Hospital program: A truly novel educational platform for operating room personnel (ORP) and clinicians? 
Injury
Isabel Van Rie Richards, Peter V. Giannoudis
Surgeon Fear in the Operating Room and Its Link to Identity; A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study 
Annals of surgery
Johanna N. Riesel, Melanie Hammond, Carol-Anne Moulton
Evaluating the value of 3D-printed bone models with fracture fragments connected by flexible rods for training and preoperative planning. 
3D Printing in Medicine
Monica Ghidinelli, Dankward Höntzsch, Bedran Atici, Stefano Crespan

2024

Near-Peer Coaching to Enhance Operative Learning: An Educational Innovation for Surgical Training 
Annals of Surgery
Alexander J. Papachristos, Elizabeth Molloy, Juanita N. Chui, Monica Ghidinelli, Simon Kitto, Debra Nestel, Benjamin P. T. Loveday
Beyond Textbooks: Interactive Learning of Biomechanical Principles of Osteosynthesis with an Online Tool for Orthopaedic Residents 
Journal of Surgical Education
Lionel Llano, Dominic Mischler, Danilo Taype, Sandipan Chatterjee, Monica Ghidinelli, Markku Nousiainen, Simon Lambert, Peter Varga
Revolutionising Faculty Development and Continuing Medical Education Through AI-Generated Videos. 
Journal of CME
Irene Contreras, Samia Hossfeld, Katharine de Boer, Jane Thorley Wiedler, Monica Ghidinelli
Unravelling Orthopaedic Surgeons’ Perceptions and Adoption of Generative AI Technologies 
Journal of CME
Matthias Schmidt, Yasmin B. Kafai, Adrian Heinze, Monica Ghidinelli

Assessment of Technical Competence in Distal Radius Fracture Fixation by a Volar Locking Plate: A Global Delphi Consensus Study 
The Journal of Hand Surgery
Mads Emil Jacobsen, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Monica Ghidinelli, Chitra Subramaniam, Kristoffer Borbjerg Hare, Lars Konge, Amandus Gustafsson
Surgical Planning Education Using a Digital Platform 
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Rahul Vaidya, Brett D. Crist, Mitchell Bernstein, Mauricio Kfuri, Michael S. Sirkin, Sujith Konan, Matthieu Oliver, and Michael Cunningham
Use of Digital Platforms in Supporting the Intended Learning Outcomes of the Educational Intervention(s)
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Mahmoud Abdel Karim, El-Zaher Hassan, and Monica Ghidinelli
Experiences From Implementing 3 Distinct Types of Online Events for Subspecialty Orthopaedic Trauma Education in the Middle East and Northern Africa
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Mahmoud Abdel Karim, Yazan J. Hattar, Hashem A. Al-Qdhah, Michael Cunningham, Monica Ghidinelli, and Waleed A. Alsaadan

Evaluation of Blended Online Learning in Three Spinal Surgery Educational Courses 
Journal of European CME, 11:1, 2014042
Emre Acaroglu, Muhammed Assous, Richard Bransford, Luiz Gustavo Dal Oglio Da Rocha, Asdrubal Falavigna, John France, Emiliano Viale, Atiq Uz-Zaman, Ginesa Aviles, Brian Amster, Michael Cunningham, and Alpaslan Şenköylü
Analysis and recommendations based on evaluation data from AO Alliance educational events in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia 
EAST and CENTRAL AFRICAN Journal of Surgery
Emma Bonhomme, Wilfred Addo, Florent A. Lekina, Ramesh P. Singh, William J. Harrison, and Claude Martin
Course Evaluation in AO Trauma – What Have We Learned? (Kursevaluation in AO Trauma-Veranstaltungen – was haben wir gelernt?)
OP-Journal
Monica Ghidinelli
Monitoring and reporting gaps in spine surgery education through an international needs assessment survey
MedEdPublish
Alfredo Guiroy, Joseph Cheng, Claudius Thomé, Asdrubal Falavigna, Michael Cunningham, Monica Ghidinelli, Emre Acaroğlu, Bryan Ashman
Discrimination, reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of metric-based assessment of an unstable pertrochanteric 31A2 intramedullary nailing procedure performed by experienced and novice surgeons
Injury
Kodi E Kojima, Matt Graves, Wa'el Taha, Monica Ghidinelli, Bernard Struelens, Jorge Alberto Amaya Aliaga, Mike Cunningham, Alexander Joeris, Anthony G. Gallagher
Generation of Cross-Specialty Consensus Statements on Soft Tissue Management via a Modified Delphi Method 
World Journal of Surgery
Damir Matic, Joseph S. Cheng, Olivier Gauthier, Yves Harder, Salvatore C. Lettieri, Sandipan Chatterjee, Maio Chen, David Volgas


 

Surgical Skills Training Using Simulation for Basic and Complex Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Orthopedic Clinics of North America
Aresh Sepehri, Philipp von Roth, Karl Stoffel, Yves Acklin, Sam Oussedike, Bas Wijburg, Arisa Wadag, Michael Cunningham, Bassam A. Masri
Experiences from Two Ways of Integrating Pre- and Post-course Multiple-choice Assessment Questions in Educational Events for Surgeons
Journal of European CME
Monica Ghidinelli, Michael Cunningham, Isobel C. Monotti, Nishma Hindocha, Alain Rickli, Iain McVicar, and Mark Glyde
Design and Evaluation of a Hospital-Based Educational Event on Fracture Care for Older Adults
Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation
Markus Gosch, Christian Kammerlander, Emilio Fantin, Thomas Giver Jensen, Ana Milena L´opez Salazar, Carlos Olarte, Suthorn Bavatonavarech, Claudia Medina, Bjoern-Christian Link, and Michael Cunningham
Evaluating an International Facial Trauma Course for Surgeons: Did We Make a Difference?
Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction Open
Ayesha Younas, Irfan Shah, Thiam Chye Lim, Marcelo Figari, Gorman Louie, Damir Matic, Justin T. van der Tas, Eppo B. Wolvius, and Iain McVicar
Design, delivery, and evaluation of seminars and hands-on courses worldwide on intraoperative imaging in orthopedic trauma
Injury
Sven Yves Vetter, Michael Kraus, Daniel Rikli, Rodrigo Pesantez Hoyos, Paul Alfred Grützner, Michael Cunningham, Bettina Bolliger, Monica Ghidinelli, and Jochen Franke
The Journey to Competency-Based Education
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Urs Rüetschi, Michael R. Baumgaertner, Amy S. Kapatkin, Kodi E. Kojima, and Teija Lund
Designing and Implementing a Harmonized Evaluation and Assessment System for Educational Events Worldwide
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Monica Ghidinelli, Michael Cunningham, Miriam Uhlmann, and Alain Rickli, AO Education Platform, and Urs Rüetschi
Multicenter Video Recordings of Minimal Invasive Cephalomedullary Nailing of Pertrochanteric Femur Fractures for Metrics Validation Studies: Lessons Learned
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT)
Kodi E. Kojima, Wael S. Taha Matt L. Graves, Anthony G. Gallagher, Tracy Y. Zhu, Víctor Díaz, Michael Cunningham, Monica Ghidinelli, and Alexander Joeris
What are Learner and Instructor Preferences for Group Size and Composition for a Series of Synchronous Online Case Discussions for Upper Extremity Trauma Surgeons?
Journal of European CME
Nele Roels, Monica Ghidinelli, Michael Cunningham, and Murat Bilici
Development and Implementation of International Curricula for Joint Replacement and Preservation
Orthopedic Clinics of North America
Kokeb Andenmatten, Florence Provence, Michael Cunningham, Aresh Sepehri, Carsten Perka, Pipsa Ylänkö, and Bassam A. Masri


 

Integrating webinars to enhance curriculum implementation: AMEE Guide No. 136
Medical Teacher
Michael Cunningham, Rudolf Elmer, Thommy Rüegg, Claudia Kagelmann, Alain Rickli, and Paul Binhammer
Development of a curriculum for minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS)
Global Spine Journal
Franziska A. Schmidt, Taylor Wong, Sertac Kirnaz, N´ estor Taboada, Richard Assaker, Christoph Hofstetter, Jin-Sung Kim, Avelino Paraj ´ on, Paul Taylor, Muhammed Assous, and Roger Härtl
Metrics development for minimal invasive unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis with and without spondylolisthesis by an international expert panel
Global Spine Journal
Carolin Melcher, Andreas Korge, Michael Cunningham, Kevin T. Foley, and Roger Härtl
Development and assessment of competency-based neurotrauma course curriculum for international neurosurgery residents and neurosurgeons
Neurosurgical Focus
Sergio A. Calero-Martinez, Christian Matula, Aurelia Peraud, Francesco Biroli, José Fernández-Alén, Michael Bierschneider, Michael Cunningham, Gregory W. J. Hawryluk, Maya Babu, M. Ross Bullock, and Andrés M. Rubiano


 

Non-technical training in orthopedic surgery: An unrecognized need. 
J Musculoskelet Surg Res/p>
Khalid H Alzahrani, Ahmad M Elsheikh, Sohail S Bajammal, Wael S Taha, Miriam Uhlman
Redesigning an International Orthopaedic CME Course: The Effects on Participant Engagement over 5 Years. 
Journal of European CME
Abhiram R. Bhashyam, Quirine M.J. van der Vliet, R. Marijn Houwert, Rogier K. J. Simmermacher, Peter Brink, Piet de Boer & Luke P. H. Leenen
Improving management of limb injuries in disasters and conflicts. 
Prehosp Disaster Med
Guy Jensen, Elhanan Bar-On, Jane Thorley Wiedler, Stefanie C. Hautz, Harald Veen, Alan R. Kay, Ian Norton, Richard A. Gosselin, and Johan von Schreeb.
An e-Delphi study generates expert consensus on the trends in future continuing medical education engagement by resident, practicing, and expert surgeons
Medical teacher
Urs Rüetschi and Carlos Mario Olarte Salazar

Optimizing intraoperative imaging during proximal femoral fracture fixation – a performance improvement program for surgeons. 
Injury
Daniel Rikli, Sabine Goldhahn, Michael Blauth, Samir Mehta, Michael Cunningham, Alexander Joeris, PIP Study group.
Backward Planning a Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Curriculum for the Surgical Workforce in Low-Resource Settings. 
World Journal of Surgery
David A. Shaye, Travis Tollefson, Irfan Shah, Gopal Krishnan, Damir Matic, Marcelo Figari, Thiam Chye Lim, Sunil Aniruth, Warren Schubert
AO international consensus panel for metrics on a closed reduction and fixation of a 31A2 pertrochanteric fracture.
Injury
Kodi Kojima, Matt Graves, Wa'el Taha, Mike Cunningham, Alexander Joeris, Anthony G. Gallagher.

International needs analysis in orthopaedic trauma for practising surgeons with a 3-year review of resulting actions.
JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN CME (2017)
Richard Buckley, Peter Brink, Kodi Kojima, Wa’el Taha, Donald Moore, Mike Cunningham, and AOTrauma Global Needs Analysis Group.
Development and initial evaluation of a point-of-care educational app on medical topics in orthogeriatrics.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (2016)
Katrin Singler, Tobias Roth, Sacha Beck, Michael Cunningham, Markus Gosch
Development of a Performance Improvement Program: A Workplace-Based Educational Intervention on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Spinal Trauma.
Journal of Surgical Education (2015)
Michael David Kraus, Marguerite Mueller, Bernd Schmitz, Michael Cunningham, Florian Gebhard
The use of MRI in orthopaedic trauma surgery (Anwendungsgebiete des MRT in der Traumatologie)
Der Unfallchirurg (2014)
Michael Kraus, Frieder Mauch, Bettina Ammann, Mike Cunningham, Florian Gebhard
Using a commitment to change tool for evaluation and planning of a global competency-based curriculum in orthogeriatrics
Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Profession (2014)
Michael Cunningham, Stephen Kates, Michael Blauth
Barriers to orthopaedic practice: Why surgeons do not put into practice what they have learned in educational events
Injury (2012)
Piet de Boer, Rick Buckley, Pascal Schmidt, Bob Fox
Early Experience in Implementation of a L earning Assessment Toolkit in the AOTrauma Geriatric Fracture Course
Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation (2011)
Natasha O’Malley, Michael Cunningham, Frankie Leung, Michael Blauth, Stephen Kates
A cognitive perspective on technology enhanced learning in medical training: Great opportunities, pit falls and challenges
Medical Teacher (2011)
I Dror, Pascal Schmidt, L O‘Connor
Learning assessment toolkit. 
The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (2010)
Piet G. de Boer, Rick Buckley, Pascal Schmidt, Robert Fox, and Jesse Jupiter.