AO Spine Classification Systems
AO Spine Injury Classification Systems
The AO Spine Knowledge Forum Trauma was given the task to develop and validate a new classification system. The AO Spine Thoracolumbar and Subaxial Injury Classification systems are the result of a systematic assessment and revision of the Magerl classification. The AO Spine Classification Group reached a consensus on a classification that incorporates both fracture morphology and clinical factors relevant for clinical decision making. After the endorsement of the classification by the International Board, the Knowledge Forum Trauma finalized the validation studies.
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Upper Cervical Injury Classification System
Downloads:
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Subaxial Injury Classification System
Validation Studies:
AO Spine subaxial cervical spine injury classification system
Vaccaro AR, Koerner JD, Radcliff KE, Oner FC, Reinhold M, Schnake KJ, Kandziora F, Fehlings MG, Dvorak MF, Aarabi B, Rajasekaran S, Schroeder GD, Kepler CK, Vialle LR. Eur Spine J 25(7): 2173-2184, 2016.Downloads:
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Thoracolumbar Injury Classification System
Validation Studies:
AO Spine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers
Vaccaro AR, Oner C, Kepler CK, Dvorak M, Schnake K, Bellabarba C, Reinhold M, Aarabi B, Kandziora F, Chapman J, Shanmuganathan R, Fehlings M, Vialle L;
AOSpine Spinal Cord Injury & Trauma Knowledge Forum.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1;38(23):2028-37, Nov 2013.
Reliability analysis of the AO Spine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system by a worldwide group of naïve spinal surgeons
Kepler CK, Vaccaro AR, Koerner JD, Dvorak MF, Kandziora F, Rajasekaran S, Aarabi B, Vialle LR, Fehlings MG,
Schroeder GD, Reinhold M, Schnake KJ, Bellabarba C, Cumhur Öner F.
Eur Spine J 25(4): 1082-1086, 2016.Downloads:
Download the toolkit and start using the classification today
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Sacral Injury Classification System
Validation Studies:
Description and Reliability of the AOSpine Sacral Classification System
Vaccaro AR, Schroeder GD, Divi SN, Kepler CK, Kleweno CP, Krieg JC, Wilson JR, Holstein JH, Kurd MF, Firoozabadi R, Vialle LR, Oner FC, Kandziora F, Chapman JR, Schnake KJ, Benneker LM, Dvorak MF, Rajasekaran S, Vialle EN, Joaquim AF, El-Sharkawi MM, Dhakal GR, Popescu EC, Kanna RM, Muijs SPJ, Tee JW, Bellabarba C. JBJS 102(16): 1454-1463, Aug 19, 2020.Downloads:
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AO Spine-DGOU Osteoporotic Fracture Classification System
Downloads:
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AO Spine Adult Spine Deformity (AO ASD) Patient Profile
The AO ASD Patient Profile provides an overview that allows physicians to systematically consider the factors that could contribute to optimal management of the condition. Whether by using the tool in clinical practice or for training purpose, all adult deformity surgeons are encouraged to use the classification in their daily practice.
Download the AO Spine ASD Patient Profile here.
Spinal lnstability Neoplastic Score (SINS)
SINS is a classification system for tumor-related spinal instability. The tool facilitates appropriate surgical referral of patients. It is highly reliable, reproducible, and a valid assessment tool to address a key question in patients with metastatic spine disease: is the spine "stable" or is there "current or possible instability" that warrants surgical assessment?
It has been validated in spine surgeons, radiation oncologists, radiologists, and spine fellows and residents.
The comprehensive scoring system is presented in the tables of the original publications:
Spine: A Novel Classification System for Spinal Instability in Neoplastic Disease
Spine: The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score: Impact on Oncologic Decision-Making
Read more about the study and AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor
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